Lucania goodei was named by Jordan after the American ichthyologist Professor George Brown Goode, also the collecter of the species.

Type locality is the Arlington River in Florida, a tributary of the St. John's.

The range the species can be found is large and includes the whole Florida penninsula to the north at Ogeechee River in Georgia and to the west to the lower Choctawhatchee River in western Florida and the extreme southeastern part of Alabama.

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